Fitness for Duty Evaluations – When They’re Required and How They Work
Introduction
A fitness for duty evaluation is a type of psychological evaluation for employment that determines whether an employee can safely and effectively perform their job duties. These evaluations are especially important in safety-sensitive roles such as law enforcement, healthcare, aviation, and transportation. According to the American Psychological Association (APA), they help balance workplace safety with employee rights.
When Are Fitness for Duty Evaluations Required?
Employers may request an evaluation when:
An employee shows signs of psychological distress affecting performance.
Safety concerns arise (e.g., aggression, substance misuse, erratic behavior).
A workplace incident raises questions about judgment or behavior.
An employee returns to work after medical leave for mental health reasons.
What to Expect in the Process
Referral clarification: The employer specifies the job duties and concerns.
Clinical interview: The evaluator gathers history and the employee’s perspective.
Psychological testing: Standardized measures assess cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning.
Collateral information: Supervisor reports or medical records may be reviewed.
Report and recommendations: Findings clarify if the employee is fit, fit with accommodations, or not fit for duty.
Why They Matter
Fitness for duty evaluations provide objective, evidence-based guidance that supports fair decision-making while protecting safety. They can also connect employees with resources for treatment or workplace accommodations.
